The Special Duties Unit (Abbreviation: SDU) nicknamed Flying Tigers is an elite paramilitary police Special Forces unit of the Hong Kong Police. Established in July 1974, it is a sub-division of the Police Tactical Unit (PTU)
Its primary functions include counter-terrorism, hostage rescue and other crimes (usually involving firearms) which are deemed extremely dangerous. The unit holds regular training exercises with similar units from around the world and used to be trained by the British SAS before the handover of Hong Kong to China.
The establishment of the SDU can be traced back to an incident on March 13, 1971, when a Philippine Airlines flight was hijacked and was forced to land at Kai Tak Airport. Though the incident was resolved peacefully, the Hong Kong Police Force became concerned that a similar incident would occur in the future. The Sharpshooter Team was assembled in 1973 and later reorganized into the Special Duties Unit in 1974.
The unit is modeled after the British SAS. When SAS personnel came to Hong Kong in 1978 to refine their CQB techniques as well as training syllabus, SDU received their training from the SAS. Reports of a proposal to slash down salaries of SDU operators were shot down in a press conference to disprove the said reports, saying that the people "can rest assured that the high level of anti-terrorist capability and readiness will always be maintained.
It consists of a support group, administration group and the action group. The action group is the core of the unit, further categorised into the land assault team, the water assault team and the sniper team.
The following units include:
* Operation Team, which is divided into Team A and Team B, together with the Sniper team. Team C is responsible for the training of SDU officers.
* The medical team, which consists of SDU officers with special training in battlefield first aids.
* The headquarters, which is responsible for all administrative works, as well as providing intelligence to the operations.
* The boat team, which maintains and operate the Zodiac vessels. The Zodiac vessels are also used by the US Navy SEALs. Recently several FB/RIB 55 series boats were purchased from FB Design in Italy to supplement the Zodiac vessels.
* The maintenance team, which maintain all land vehicles as well as Asia's most advanced Close Quarter Battle (CQB) House. Four Guardian Tactical Intervention Vehicles from Jankel Armouring Limited were purchased in 2007 and arrived in 2008, providing improved armor protection for operators during high-risk operations.
* special duties paramedics - introduced in 2000
The SDU Water Team
British SBS operators also helped SDU develop its own specialist marine attack unit (known as the Marine Counter Terrorist Team; nicknamed: "Water Ghosts" after an incident in the early 1980s. Due to its highly specialist nature, the Marine Counter Terrorist Team has often been compared with the United States Navy SEALs. An SDU sniper in the team was seriously injured when having joint training with the United States Naval Special Warfare Development Group (DEVGRU) in 1991, during a ship-boarding exercise.
The Marine Counter Terrorist Team was later disbanded in 2000, because all current SDU operators are equally trained and proficient in maritime operations.
Training & Selection
To maintain the SDU's high standards, recruitment exercises are not open to the general public. To even qualify for the recruitment, one must have a minimum two years service in the Police Tactical Unit and complete training under the PTU,and to be both a non-smoker and non-drinker. The selection process is very stringent, with a high drop-out rate; only about 100 are selected to enlist in the SDU. Contrary to popular belief, the unit does not train with mainland China special forces. The SDU's training program has been merged with the ASU recently to prevent potential candidates from dropping out from either unit.
Originally the SDU received much training from British Forces Overseas Hong Kong supplemented by visits from Special Air Service (SAS), Royal Marine and Parachute Regiment personnel. After about 15 years, the SDU took on its own training, mainly basing the tactics on British Special Forces techniques but also exchanging ideas with officers from elite units in the United States, Australia and New Zealand.
The officers in the unit maintain a high degree of secrecy and only the closest family members know their true identity.
Interestingly, the SDU does not enforce a retirement age, due to the unit's emphasis on overall personal capability rather than physical prowess alone; an officer only retires when he wishes to resign or has become incapable of fulfilling his duties.
At their retirement, they are paid a lump sum of Hong Kong dollar (HK) $2,000,000 and would still receive a monthly pension thereafter. SDU operators have conducted training exercises with foreign special forces units, including the Navy SEALs, Delta Force, STAR, GIGN, SBS and the British SAS.
Equipment & weapons
The SDU has been known to be armed/formerly armed with the following weapons and equipment:
Pistol
Smith & Wesson Model 10 (Early 70s - late 70s)
Browning Mk3 (Late 70s - early 90s)
Glock 17 (Early 90s - present)
Submachine Guns
Sterling submachine gun (Early 70s - late70s)
MP5A3 (Early 80s - present)
MP5A5 (Early 80s - present)
MP5SD3 (Early 80s - present)
Assault Rifle
AR-15 (Early 70s - early 80s)
XM-177 (1982–2000)
MC-51 (1992–1996)
M4A1 (2001–present, as a medium range sniper rifle)[dubious – discuss][citation needed]
G-36KV (2001–present, as a medium range sniper rifle)[dubious – discuss][citation needed]
Shotguns
Remington 870 (Early 80s - present)
Benelli M1 Super 90 (Early 80s - present)
Sniper Rifles
G3SG-1 (Early 80s - early 90s)
PSG-1 (Late 80s - 2005)
L42A1 (Early 80s - 90s)
L96A1 (Early 90s - present)
SR-25 (Late 90s - present)
SSG-2000 (Early 90s - present)
Known Operations
During a bank robbery in 1992, four robbers with AK-47 assault rifles and hand-grenades battled the SDU, resulting in 7 operators injured. As a result of this incident, their CQB technique was further refined in order to fit Hong Kong's unique urban environment, and new equipment was added to the SDU's arsenal. All suspects were apprehended. Before Christmas Eve of 2003, Kwai Ping Hung the most wanted person in Hong Kong was arrested in a joint raid between the SDU and Criminal Intelligence Branch (CIB, Team D) with no gunshots being reported. When the WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 was held in Hong Kong, the SDU was deployed to protect WTO delegates in the country.
(www.wikipedia.org)
Its primary functions include counter-terrorism, hostage rescue and other crimes (usually involving firearms) which are deemed extremely dangerous. The unit holds regular training exercises with similar units from around the world and used to be trained by the British SAS before the handover of Hong Kong to China.
The establishment of the SDU can be traced back to an incident on March 13, 1971, when a Philippine Airlines flight was hijacked and was forced to land at Kai Tak Airport. Though the incident was resolved peacefully, the Hong Kong Police Force became concerned that a similar incident would occur in the future. The Sharpshooter Team was assembled in 1973 and later reorganized into the Special Duties Unit in 1974.
The unit is modeled after the British SAS. When SAS personnel came to Hong Kong in 1978 to refine their CQB techniques as well as training syllabus, SDU received their training from the SAS. Reports of a proposal to slash down salaries of SDU operators were shot down in a press conference to disprove the said reports, saying that the people "can rest assured that the high level of anti-terrorist capability and readiness will always be maintained.
It consists of a support group, administration group and the action group. The action group is the core of the unit, further categorised into the land assault team, the water assault team and the sniper team.
The following units include:
* Operation Team, which is divided into Team A and Team B, together with the Sniper team. Team C is responsible for the training of SDU officers.
* The medical team, which consists of SDU officers with special training in battlefield first aids.
* The headquarters, which is responsible for all administrative works, as well as providing intelligence to the operations.
* The boat team, which maintains and operate the Zodiac vessels. The Zodiac vessels are also used by the US Navy SEALs. Recently several FB/RIB 55 series boats were purchased from FB Design in Italy to supplement the Zodiac vessels.
* The maintenance team, which maintain all land vehicles as well as Asia's most advanced Close Quarter Battle (CQB) House. Four Guardian Tactical Intervention Vehicles from Jankel Armouring Limited were purchased in 2007 and arrived in 2008, providing improved armor protection for operators during high-risk operations.
* special duties paramedics - introduced in 2000
The SDU Water Team
British SBS operators also helped SDU develop its own specialist marine attack unit (known as the Marine Counter Terrorist Team; nicknamed: "Water Ghosts" after an incident in the early 1980s. Due to its highly specialist nature, the Marine Counter Terrorist Team has often been compared with the United States Navy SEALs. An SDU sniper in the team was seriously injured when having joint training with the United States Naval Special Warfare Development Group (DEVGRU) in 1991, during a ship-boarding exercise.
The Marine Counter Terrorist Team was later disbanded in 2000, because all current SDU operators are equally trained and proficient in maritime operations.
Training & Selection
To maintain the SDU's high standards, recruitment exercises are not open to the general public. To even qualify for the recruitment, one must have a minimum two years service in the Police Tactical Unit and complete training under the PTU,and to be both a non-smoker and non-drinker. The selection process is very stringent, with a high drop-out rate; only about 100 are selected to enlist in the SDU. Contrary to popular belief, the unit does not train with mainland China special forces. The SDU's training program has been merged with the ASU recently to prevent potential candidates from dropping out from either unit.
Originally the SDU received much training from British Forces Overseas Hong Kong supplemented by visits from Special Air Service (SAS), Royal Marine and Parachute Regiment personnel. After about 15 years, the SDU took on its own training, mainly basing the tactics on British Special Forces techniques but also exchanging ideas with officers from elite units in the United States, Australia and New Zealand.
The officers in the unit maintain a high degree of secrecy and only the closest family members know their true identity.
Interestingly, the SDU does not enforce a retirement age, due to the unit's emphasis on overall personal capability rather than physical prowess alone; an officer only retires when he wishes to resign or has become incapable of fulfilling his duties.
At their retirement, they are paid a lump sum of Hong Kong dollar (HK) $2,000,000 and would still receive a monthly pension thereafter. SDU operators have conducted training exercises with foreign special forces units, including the Navy SEALs, Delta Force, STAR, GIGN, SBS and the British SAS.
Equipment & weapons
The SDU has been known to be armed/formerly armed with the following weapons and equipment:
Pistol
Smith & Wesson Model 10 (Early 70s - late 70s)
Browning Mk3 (Late 70s - early 90s)
Glock 17 (Early 90s - present)
Submachine Guns
Sterling submachine gun (Early 70s - late70s)
MP5A3 (Early 80s - present)
MP5A5 (Early 80s - present)
MP5SD3 (Early 80s - present)
Assault Rifle
AR-15 (Early 70s - early 80s)
XM-177 (1982–2000)
MC-51 (1992–1996)
M4A1 (2001–present, as a medium range sniper rifle)[dubious – discuss][citation needed]
G-36KV (2001–present, as a medium range sniper rifle)[dubious – discuss][citation needed]
Shotguns
Remington 870 (Early 80s - present)
Benelli M1 Super 90 (Early 80s - present)
Sniper Rifles
G3SG-1 (Early 80s - early 90s)
PSG-1 (Late 80s - 2005)
L42A1 (Early 80s - 90s)
L96A1 (Early 90s - present)
SR-25 (Late 90s - present)
SSG-2000 (Early 90s - present)
Known Operations
During a bank robbery in 1992, four robbers with AK-47 assault rifles and hand-grenades battled the SDU, resulting in 7 operators injured. As a result of this incident, their CQB technique was further refined in order to fit Hong Kong's unique urban environment, and new equipment was added to the SDU's arsenal. All suspects were apprehended. Before Christmas Eve of 2003, Kwai Ping Hung the most wanted person in Hong Kong was arrested in a joint raid between the SDU and Criminal Intelligence Branch (CIB, Team D) with no gunshots being reported. When the WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 was held in Hong Kong, the SDU was deployed to protect WTO delegates in the country.
(www.wikipedia.org)
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